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Monday, August 15, 2011

Examples of environmental costs incurred by firms

Examples of environmental costs incurred by firms (adapted from EPA, 1995).
Potentially Hidden
Costs
Regulatory Upfront Voluntary
Notification Site Studies Community Relations
Reporting Site preparation Monitoring/testing
Monitoring/testing Permitting Training
Studies/Modeling R&D Audits
Remediation Engineering/Procurement Qualifing Suppliers
Recordkeeping Installation Reports (e.g. Env. Reports)
Plans Insurance
Training Conventional Costs Planning
Inspections Capital Equipment Feasibility Studies
Manifesting Materials Remediation
Labelling Labor Recycling
Prepardness Supplies Environmental studies
Protective Equipment Utilities R&D
Medical Surveillance Structures Habitat/Ecosystem
Protection
Env. Insurance Salvage Value Landscaping
Financial Assurance Financial Support
Pollution Control Back-end
Spill Response Closure/Decommissioning
Stormwater Management Disposal of Inventory
Waste Management Post-closure Care
Taxes/Fees Site Survey
Contingent Costs
Future Compliance Costs Remediation Legal Expenses
Penalties/Fines Property Damage Natural Resource Damages
Response to Future
Releases
Personal Injury Damage Economic Loss Damages
Image and
Relationship Costs
Corporate Image Relationship with Staff Relationship with Lenders
Relationship with
Customers
Relationship with Suppliers Relationship with
community
Relationships with
Investors
Relationship with regulator

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